With years of monitoring, scientists have been building and releasing gas pressure under Mount Eta in Italy. A.D. 2018 Christmas Eve Explosion In 2018. According to a new study, some gases built continuously in a volcanic system a year before the explosion, the pressure of other gases has been declining.
“We are now able to measure the amount of pressure in the magic tank [the buildup is] It is growing, ”said Antonio Paonita, lead author of the study in Itato. “Knowing the process of erupting in a volcano and saying ‘OK, it’s started, it’s at critical stages! We might say. It lasts from months to years in Eta. ”
Combined with advanced concepts of how magma can be absorbed into the world’s most active atomic magic system, understanding how this new pressure builds will help scientists better understand and predict the explosion.
Gases tram tower movement
Volcanic eruptions in volcanic reservoirs control volcanic behavior. Magma and volatile gases enter a room from the depths of the earth and sometimes find non-explosive pathways through explosive lines, figs and ditches (magma) or perishable airways. Volcanic eruptions are caused by excessive pressure, which can occur when large amounts of magma and gas enter the room instead of leaving it.
In some volcanic systems, the pressure drop can last up to ten years. Other systems in the United States, such as the Kulawa and Alaska volcanoes, the Alawites, between Alaska and Russia; As Magma’s reservoirs become more sophisticated, volcanic eruption and remote monitoring will help to estimate the overall pressure in the volcanic system and estimate the eruption.
Eta Mountain is an excellent testing ground for such theories for a number of reasons – it explodes regularly, scientists model it, and a vast network of equipment constantly monitors volcanic decay. By remote sensing and on-site sampling, the researchers analyzed carbon dioxide decomposition patterns.2), Sulfur dioxide (s2), Hydrochloric acid, and helium isotopes start about a year before the December 24, 2018 explosion, about a year later.
“At various depths along the road, various gases are released from the magnet [magma] The way up, ”explained Paonita. Approximately, it refers to the depth at which each gas then decomposes and undergoes magma dynamics.
The team found that the ETA’s helium isotope ratio increased steadily from the first half of 2017 until the explosion, after which it declined significantly. CO2 The flow was low and steady, increased in June 2018 and then cycled again until it exploded. so that2 The flow, however, rose to normal levels only in the weeks before the explosion (about 5,000 metric tons to 12,000 metric tons per day).
“Our study highlighted the disparity between the amount of gas that normally flows from the bottom of the volcano,” Panata said in a statement. Real-time identification and measurement of this “imbalance” and evolution provides a new key to interpreting the volcanic ‘movement’. The team published these results in Advances in science On September 1.
Bespoke volcanic systems
Mount Athena is flying over Catania, Sicily’s second largest city. A.D. By 2021, it has exploded 50 times. And it has grown to a height of 31 meters in the last 6 months. Do these results help volcanologists predict volcanic eruptions? Maybe for Mount Eta, but maybe not for other volcanoes.
Volcanic eruptions may expect long-term follow-up, but the power of prediction will ultimately depend on how well we understand a particular magical system, Paonita said. Rise in CO stock2 And noble gases, for example, generally travel several miles underground to tower activity, but at high speeds in SO2 It indicates that the tower is moving upward. “Theoretically, we can interpret misinformation without basic knowledge [a] System. ”
In reality, however, the nature of the volcano depends on the internal structure of the magical system, and although Mount Athena is an open source of volcanic activity, each one is unique. Our experience with that volcanic system – for example, long gestures to compare with its explosive behavior – and our geological knowledge is valuable and irreplaceable information for interpreting surveillance signals in the right context.
– Kimberly MS.@AstroKimCartier), Staff secretary